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CHANGES IN INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
|
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
€ million |
Concessions, industrial and similar rights, and licenses in such rights and assets |
Goodwill |
Capitalized costs for products under development |
Capitalized development costs for products currently in use |
Other intangible assets |
Total |
||||||
Cost |
63 |
195 |
1,872 |
10,146 |
1,286 |
13,562 |
||||||
Foreign exchange differences |
–3 |
6 |
7 |
–65 |
–12 |
–67 |
||||||
Changes in |
– |
5 |
– |
– |
2 |
7 |
||||||
Additions |
5 |
– |
1,135 |
311 |
193 |
1,644 |
||||||
Transfers |
3 |
– |
–1,042 |
1,042 |
22 |
25 |
||||||
Disposals |
1 |
5 |
34 |
964 |
121 |
1,125 |
||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2007 |
67 |
201 |
1,938 |
10,470 |
1,370 |
14,046 |
||||||
Amortization and impairment |
57 |
– |
113 |
5,405 |
794 |
6,369 |
||||||
Foreign exchange differences |
–2 |
– |
– |
–37 |
–6 |
–45 |
||||||
Changes in |
– |
– |
– |
– |
2 |
2 |
||||||
Additions to cumulative amortization |
7 |
– |
– |
1,428 |
154 |
1,589 |
||||||
Additions to cumulative impairment losses |
– |
5 |
175 |
240 |
3 |
423 |
||||||
Transfers |
0 |
– |
–18 |
18 |
1 |
1 |
||||||
Disposals |
1 |
5 |
41 |
957 |
119 |
1,123 |
||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2007 |
61 |
– |
229 |
6,097 |
829 |
7,216 |
||||||
Carrying amount |
6 |
201 |
1,709 |
4,373 |
541 |
6,830 |
Sensitivity analyses have shown that it is unnecessary to recognize impairment losses on goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, including where realistic variations are applied to key assumptions.
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CHANGES IN INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
|
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
€ million |
Concessions, industrial and similar rights, and licenses in such rights and assets |
Goodwill |
Capitalized costs for products under development |
Capitalized development costs for products currently in use |
Other intangible assets |
Total |
||||||
Cost |
67 |
201 |
1,938 |
10,470 |
1,370 |
14,046 |
||||||
Foreign exchange differences |
3 |
–384 |
–54 |
–366 |
–232 |
–1,033 |
||||||
Changes in |
– |
2,952 |
12 |
1,073 |
1,740 |
5,777 |
||||||
Additions |
6 |
2 |
1,842 |
374 |
233 |
2,457 |
||||||
Transfers |
14 |
– |
–1,036 |
1,036 |
–29 |
–15 |
||||||
Held for sale |
– |
– |
34 |
65 |
6 |
105 |
||||||
Disposals |
1 |
– |
3 |
1,023 |
117 |
1,144 |
||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2008 |
89 |
2,771 |
2,665 |
11,499 |
2,959 |
19,983 |
||||||
Amortization and impairment Balance at Jan. 1, 2008 |
61 |
– |
229 |
6,097 |
829 |
7,216 |
||||||
Foreign exchange differences |
3 |
– |
– |
–130 |
–14 |
–141 |
||||||
Changes in |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0 |
0 |
||||||
Additions to cumulative amortization |
7 |
– |
– |
1,359 |
374 |
1,740 |
||||||
Additions to cumulative impairment losses |
0 |
– |
18 |
15 |
8 |
41 |
||||||
Transfers |
7 |
– |
–8 |
8 |
–8 |
–1 |
||||||
Held for sale |
– |
– |
– |
20 |
6 |
26 |
||||||
Disposals |
1 |
– |
0 |
1,021 |
115 |
1,137 |
||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2008 |
77 |
– |
239 |
6,308 |
1,068 |
7,692 |
||||||
Carrying amount |
12 |
2,771 |
2,426 |
5,191 |
1,891 |
12,291 |
€2,574 million of the goodwill reported as of December 31, 2008 relates to Scania and €151 million to Škoda (translated at the closing rate). The goodwill attributable to both companies is allocated to the Automotive Division. €32 million of the remaining amount relates to the Automotive Division and €14 million to the Financial Services Division. The recoverability of recognized goodwill is not affected by a variation in the growth forecast or in the discount rate by +/–0.5%.
Other intangible assets in the Automotive Division at the balance sheet date include Scania’s brand name with a carrying amount of €895 million. This figure is not amortized because no useful life can be determined.
Of the total research and development costs incurred in 2008, €2,216 million (previous year: €1,446 million) met the criteria for capitalization under IFRS s.
The following amounts were recognized as expenses:
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|
|
|
||
€ million |
2008 |
2007 |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Research and non-capitalized development costs |
3,710 |
3,477 |
||
Amortization of development costs |
1,392 |
1,843 |
||
Research and development costs |
5,102 |
5,320 |